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import re
from abc import ABC, ABCMeta, abstractmethod
from dataclasses import dataclass
from functools import reduce
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
from typing import ClassVar

import pyarrow
from pyarrow import compute as pyarrow_compute
from pyarrow import dataset as pyarrow_dataset

from pypaimon.manifest.schema.simple_stats import SimpleStats
from pypaimon.table.row.internal_row import InternalRow


@dataclass
class Predicate:
    method: str
    index: Optional[int]
    field: Optional[str]
    literals: Optional[List[Any]] = None

    testers: ClassVar[Dict[str, Any]] = {}

    def new_index(self, index: int):
        return Predicate(
            method=self.method,
            index=index,
            field=self.field,
            literals=self.literals)

    def new_literals(self, literals: List[Any]):
        return Predicate(
            method=self.method,
            index=self.index,
            field=self.field,
            literals=literals)

    def test(self, record: InternalRow) -> bool:
        if self.method == 'and':
            return all(p.test(record) for p in self.literals)
        if self.method == 'or':
            t = any(p.test(record) for p in self.literals)
            return t
        field_value = record.get_field(self.index)
        tester = Predicate.testers.get(self.method)
        if tester:
            return tester.test_by_value(field_value, self.literals)
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported predicate method: {self.method}")

    def test_by_simple_stats(self, stat: SimpleStats, row_count: int) -> bool:
        """Test predicate against BinaryRow stats with denseIndexMapping like Java implementation."""
        if self.method == 'and':
            return all(p.test_by_simple_stats(stat, row_count) for p in self.literals)
        if self.method == 'or':
            return any(p.test_by_simple_stats(stat, row_count) for p in self.literals)

        null_count = stat.null_counts[self.index]

        if self.method == 'isNull':
            return null_count is None or null_count > 0
        if self.method == 'isNotNull':
            return null_count is None or row_count is None or null_count < row_count

        min_value = stat.min_values.get_field(self.index)
        max_value = stat.max_values.get_field(self.index)

        if min_value is None or max_value is None or (null_count is not None and null_count == row_count):
            # invalid stats, skip validation
            return True

        tester = Predicate.testers.get(self.method)
        if tester:
            return tester.test_by_stats(min_value, max_value, self.literals)
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported predicate method: {self.method}")

    def to_arrow(self) -> Any:
        if self.method == 'and':
            return reduce(lambda x, y: x & y,
                          [p.to_arrow() for p in self.literals])
        if self.method == 'or':
            return reduce(lambda x, y: x | y,
                          [p.to_arrow() for p in self.literals])

        if self.method == 'startsWith':
            pattern = self.literals[0]
            # For PyArrow compatibility - improved approach
            try:
                field_ref = pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field)
                # Ensure the field is cast to string type
                string_field = field_ref.cast(pyarrow.string())
                result = pyarrow_compute.starts_with(string_field, pattern)
                return result
            except Exception:
                # Fallback to True
                return pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field).is_valid() | pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field).is_null()
        if self.method == 'endsWith':
            pattern = self.literals[0]
            # For PyArrow compatibility
            try:
                field_ref = pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field)
                # Ensure the field is cast to string type
                string_field = field_ref.cast(pyarrow.string())
                result = pyarrow_compute.ends_with(string_field, pattern)
                return result
            except Exception:
                # Fallback to True
                return pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field).is_valid() | pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field).is_null()
        if self.method == 'contains':
            pattern = self.literals[0]
            # For PyArrow compatibility
            try:
                field_ref = pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field)
                # Ensure the field is cast to string type
                string_field = field_ref.cast(pyarrow.string())
                result = pyarrow_compute.match_substring(string_field, pattern)
                return result
            except Exception:
                # Fallback to True
                return pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field).is_valid() | pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field).is_null()
        if self.method == 'like':
            pattern = self.literals[0]
            try:
                field_ref = pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field)
                # Ensure the field is cast to string type
                string_field = field_ref.cast(pyarrow.string())
                return pyarrow_compute.match_like(string_field, pattern)
            except Exception:
                return None

        field = pyarrow_dataset.field(self.field)
        tester = Predicate.testers.get(self.method)
        if tester:
            return tester.test_by_arrow(field, self.literals)

        raise ValueError("Unsupported predicate method: {}".format(self.method))


class RegisterMeta(ABCMeta):
    def __init__(cls, name, bases, dct):
        super().__init__(name, bases, dct)
        if not bool(cls.__abstractmethods__):
            Predicate.testers[cls.name] = cls()


class Tester(ABC, metaclass=RegisterMeta):
    name = None

    @abstractmethod
    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        """
        Test based on the specific val and literals.
        """

    @abstractmethod
    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        """
        Test based on the specific min_value and max_value and literals.
        """

    @abstractmethod
    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        """
        Test based on the specific arrow value and literals.
        """


class Equal(Tester):
    name = 'equal'

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return val == literals[0]

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return min_v <= literals[0] <= max_v

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val == literals[0]


class NotEqual(Tester):
    name = "notEqual"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return val != literals[0]

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return not (min_v == literals[0] == max_v)

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val != literals[0]


class LessThan(Tester):
    name = "lessThan"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return val < literals[0]

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return literals[0] > min_v

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val < literals[0]


class LessOrEqual(Tester):
    name = "lessOrEqual"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return val <= literals[0]

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return literals[0] >= min_v

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val <= literals[0]


class GreaterThan(Tester):
    name = "greaterThan"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return val > literals[0]

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return literals[0] < max_v

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val > literals[0]


class GreaterOrEqual(Tester):
    name = "greaterOrEqual"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return val >= literals[0]

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return literals[0] <= max_v

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val >= literals[0]


class In(Tester):
    name = "in"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None:
            return False
        return val in literals

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return any(min_v <= l <= max_v for l in literals)

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val.isin(literals)


class NotIn(Tester):
    name = "notIn"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None:
            return False
        return val not in literals

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return not any(min_v == l == max_v for l in literals)

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return ~val.isin(literals)


class Between(Tester):
    name = "between"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals or len(literals) < 2:
            return False
        return literals[0] <= val <= literals[1]

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return literals[0] <= max_v and literals[1] >= min_v

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return (val >= literals[0]) & (val <= literals[1])


class StartsWith(Tester):
    name = "startsWith"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return isinstance(val, str) and val.startswith(literals[0])

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return ((isinstance(min_v, str) and isinstance(max_v, str)) and
                ((min_v.startswith(literals[0]) or min_v < literals[0]) and
                 (max_v.startswith(literals[0]) or max_v > literals[0])))

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return True


class EndsWith(Tester):
    name = "endsWith"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return isinstance(val, str) and val.endswith(literals[0])

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return True

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return True


class Contains(Tester):
    name = "contains"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        return isinstance(val, str) and literals[0] in val

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return True

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return True


class IsNull(Tester):
    name = "isNull"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val is None

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return True

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val.is_null()


class IsNotNull(Tester):
    name = "isNotNull"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val is not None

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return True

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return val.is_valid()


class NotBetween(Tester):
    name = "notBetween"

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals or len(literals) < 2:
            return False
        return val < literals[0] or val > literals[1]

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return literals[0] > min_v or literals[1] < max_v

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return (val < literals[0]) | (val > literals[1])


class Like(Tester):
    name = "like"

    @staticmethod
    def _sql_like_to_regex(pattern: str, escape_char: str = '\\') -> str:
        """Convert a SQL LIKE pattern to a Python regex pattern."""
        regex_parts = []
        index = 0
        length = len(pattern)
        while index < length:
            char = pattern[index]
            if char == escape_char:
                if index + 1 < length:
                    next_char = pattern[index + 1]
                    if next_char in ('_', '%', escape_char):
                        regex_parts.append(re.escape(next_char))
                        index += 2
                        continue
                    else:
                        raise ValueError(
                            f"Invalid escape sequence '{pattern}' at position {index}")
                else:
                    raise ValueError(
                        f"Invalid escape sequence '{pattern}' at position {index}")
            elif char == '_':
                regex_parts.append('.')
            elif char == '%':
                regex_parts.append('(?s:.*)')
            else:
                regex_parts.append(re.escape(char))
            index += 1
        return ''.join(regex_parts)

    def test_by_value(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        if val is None or not literals:
            return False
        if not isinstance(val, str):
            return False
        pattern = self._sql_like_to_regex(str(literals[0]))
        return bool(re.fullmatch(pattern, val))

    def test_by_stats(self, min_v, max_v, literals) -> bool:
        return True

    def test_by_arrow(self, val, literals) -> bool:
        return True
