/***************************************************************************
    qgsgml.h
    ---------------------
    begin                : February 2013
    copyright            : (C) 2013 by Radim Blazek
    email                : radim dot blazek at gmail dot com
 ***************************************************************************
 *                                                                         *
 *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
 *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
 *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
 *                                                                         *
 ***************************************************************************/
#ifndef QGSGML_H
#define QGSGML_H

#include <expat.h>
#include <string>

#include "qgis_core.h"
#include "qgis_sip.h"
#include "qgsfeature.h"
#include "qgsfields.h"
#include "qgsrectangle.h"
#include "qgswkbptr.h"

#include <QByteArray>
#include <QDomElement>
#include <QPair>
#include <QStack>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QVector>

#ifndef SIP_RUN
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
#endif

class QgsCoordinateReferenceSystem;
class QTextCodec;

#ifndef SIP_RUN

/**
 * \ingroup core
 * \brief Builds features from GML data in a streaming way.
 *
 * The caller must call processData()
 * as soon it has new content from the source. At any point, it can call
 * getAndStealReadyFeatures() to collect the features that have been completely
 * parsed.
 * \note not available in Python bindings
 */
class CORE_EXPORT QgsGmlStreamingParser
{
  public:
    typedef QPair<QgsFeature *, QString> QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair;

    /**
     * \ingroup core
     * \brief Layer properties
    */
    class LayerProperties
    {
      public:
        LayerProperties() = default;

        //! Layer name
        QString mName;
        //! Geometry attribute name
        QString mGeometryAttribute;
    };

    //! Axis orientation logic.
    typedef enum
    {
      //! Honour EPSG axis order only if srsName is of the form urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:
      Honour_EPSG_if_urn,
      //! Honour EPSG axis order
      Honour_EPSG,
      //! Ignore EPSG axis order
      Ignore_EPSG,
    } AxisOrientationLogic;

    //! Constructor
    QgsGmlStreamingParser(
      const QString &typeName, const QString &geometryAttribute, const QgsFields &fields, AxisOrientationLogic axisOrientationLogic = Honour_EPSG_if_urn, bool invertAxisOrientation = false
    );

    //! Constructor for a join layer, or dealing with renamed fields
    QgsGmlStreamingParser(
      const QList<LayerProperties> &layerProperties,
      const QgsFields &fields,
      const QMap< QString, QPair<QString, QString> > &fieldNameToSrcLayerNameFieldNameMap,
      AxisOrientationLogic axisOrientationLogic = Honour_EPSG_if_urn,
      bool invertAxisOrientation = false
    );
    ~QgsGmlStreamingParser();

    QgsGmlStreamingParser( const QgsGmlStreamingParser &other ) = delete;
    QgsGmlStreamingParser &operator=( const QgsGmlStreamingParser &other ) = delete;

    /**
     * Define the XPath of the attributes and whether they are made of nested
     * content. Also provides a map from namespace prefix to namespace URI,
     * to help decoding the XPath.
     */
    void setFieldsXPath( const QMap<QString, QPair<QString, bool>> &fieldNameToSrcLayerNameFieldNameMap, const QMap<QString, QString> &namespacePrefixToURIMap );

    /**
     * Process a new chunk of data. atEnd must be set to TRUE when this is
     * the last chunk of data.
    */
    bool processData( const QByteArray &data, bool atEnd, QString &errorMsg );

    /**
     * Process a new chunk of data. atEnd must be set to TRUE when this is
     * the last chunk of data.
    */
    bool processData( const QByteArray &data, bool atEnd );

    /**
     * Returns the list of features that have been completely parsed. This
     * can be called at any point. This will empty the list maintained internally
     * by the parser, so that features already returned will no longer be returned
     * by later calls.
    */
    QVector<QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair> getAndStealReadyFeatures();

    //! Returns the value of the srsName attribute
    QString srsName() const { return mSrsName; }

    //! Returns layer bounding box
    const QgsRectangle &layerExtent() const { return mLayerExtent; }

    //! Returns the geometry type
    Qgis::WkbType wkbType() const { return mWkbType; }

    //! Returns WFS 2.0 "numberMatched" attribute, or -1 if invalid/not found
    int numberMatched() const { return mNumberMatched; }

    //! Returns WFS 2.0 "numberReturned" or WFS 1.1 "numberOfFeatures" attribute, or -1 if invalid/not found
    int numberReturned() const { return mNumberReturned; }

    //! Returns whether the document parser is a OGC exception
    bool isException() const { return mIsException; }

    //! Returns the exception text.
    QString exceptionText() const { return mExceptionText; }

    //! Returns whether a "truncatedResponse" element is found
    bool isTruncatedResponse() const { return mTruncatedResponse; }

  private:
    enum ParseMode
    {
      None,
      BoundingBox,
      Null,
      Envelope,
      LowerCorner,
      UpperCorner,
      Feature, // feature element containing attrs and geo (inside gml:featureMember)
      Attribute,
      Tuple, // wfs:Tuple of a join layer
      FeatureTuple,
      AttributeTuple,
      Geometry,
      Coordinate,
      PosList,
      MultiPoint,
      MultiLine,
      MultiPolygon,
      ExceptionReport,
      ExceptionText
    };

    //! XML handler methods
    void startElement( const XML_Char *el, const XML_Char **attr );
    void endElement( const XML_Char *el );
    void characters( const XML_Char *chars, int len );
    static void start( void *data, const XML_Char *el, const XML_Char **attr ) { static_cast<QgsGmlStreamingParser *>( data )->startElement( el, attr ); }
    static void end( void *data, const XML_Char *el ) { static_cast<QgsGmlStreamingParser *>( data )->endElement( el ); }
    static void chars( void *data, const XML_Char *chars, int len ) { static_cast<QgsGmlStreamingParser *>( data )->characters( chars, len ); }

    // Add mStringCash to the current json object
    void addStringContentToJson();

    // Set current feature attribute
    void setAttribute( const QString &name, const QString &value );

    //helper routines

    /**
     * Reads srsName and srsDimension attributes
     * \param attr attribute strings
     * \return the SRS dimension if known, or 0 otherwise
      */
    int readSrsNameAndDimensionAttributes( const XML_Char **attr );

    /**
     * Reads attribute as string
     * \param attributeName
     * \param attr
     * \returns attribute value or an empty string if no such attribute
      */
    QString readAttribute( const QString &attributeName, const XML_Char **attr ) const;
    //! Creates a rectangle from a coordinate string.
    bool createBBoxFromCoordinateString( QgsRectangle &bb, const QString &coordString ) const;

    /**
     * Creates a set of points from a coordinate string.
     * \param points list that will contain the created points
     * \param coordString the text containing the coordinates
     * \param dimension number of dimensions determined from the coordinate string
     * \returns 0 in case of success
     */
    int pointsFromCoordinateString( QList<QgsPoint> &points, const QString &coordString, int *dimension = nullptr ) const;

    /**
     * Creates a set of points from a gml:posList or gml:pos coordinate string.
     * \param points list that will contain the created points
     * \param coordString the text containing the coordinates
     * \param dimension number of dimensions
     * \returns 0 in case of success
      */
    int pointsFromPosListString( QList<QgsPoint> &points, const QString &coordString, int dimension ) const;

    int pointsFromString( QList<QgsPoint> &points, const QString &coordString, int *dimension = nullptr ) const;
    int getPointWKB( QByteArray &wkbPtr, const QgsPoint &, int dimension ) const;
    int getLineWKB( QByteArray &wkbPtr, const QList<QgsPoint> &lineCoordinates, int dimension ) const;
    int getRingWKB( QByteArray &wkbPtr, const QList<QgsPoint> &ringCoordinates, int dimension ) const;

    /**
     * Creates a multiline from the information in mCurrentWKBFragments and
     * mCurrentWKBFragmentSizes. Assign the result. The multiline is in
     * mCurrentWKB. The function deletes the memory in
     * mCurrentWKBFragments. Returns 0 in case of success.
     */
    int createMultiLineFromFragments();
    int createMultiPointFromFragments();
    int createPolygonFromFragments();
    int createMultiPolygonFromFragments();
    //! Adds all the integers contained in mCurrentWKBFragmentSizes
    int totalWKBFragmentSize() const;

    //! Gets safely (if empty) top from mode stack
    ParseMode modeStackTop() { return mParseModeStack.isEmpty() ? None : mParseModeStack.top(); }

    //! Safely (if empty) pop from mode stack
    ParseMode modeStackPop() { return mParseModeStack.isEmpty() ? None : mParseModeStack.pop(); }

    //! create parser with specified encoding if any
    void createParser( const QByteArray &encoding = QByteArray() );

    //! Expat parser
    XML_Parser mParser = nullptr;

    //! List of (feature, gml_id) pairs
    QVector<QgsGmlFeaturePtrGmlIdPair> mFeatureList;

    //! Describe the various feature types of a join layer
    QList<LayerProperties> mLayerProperties;
    QMap< QString, LayerProperties > mMapTypeNameToProperties;

    //! Typename without namespace prefix
    QString mTypeName;
    QByteArray mTypeNameBA;
    const char *mTypeNamePtr = nullptr;
    size_t mTypeNameUTF8Len;

    Qgis::WkbType mWkbType;

    //results are members such that handler routines are able to manipulate them

    //! Name of geometry attribute
    QString mGeometryAttribute;
    QByteArray mGeometryAttributeBA;
    const char *mGeometryAttributePtr = nullptr;
    size_t mGeometryAttributeUTF8Len;

    QgsFields mFields;
    QMap<QString, QPair<int, QgsField> > mThematicAttributes;
    QMap<QString, QPair<QString, bool>> mMapXPathToFieldNameAndIsNestedContent;
    QMap<QString, QString> mMapNamespaceURIToNamespacePrefix;

    bool mIsException;
    QString mExceptionText;
    bool mTruncatedResponse;
    //! Parsing depth
    int mParseDepth;
    int mFeatureTupleDepth;
    QString mCurrentTypename; //!< Used to track the current (unprefixed) typename for wfs:Member in join layer
    //! Keep track about the most important nested elements
    QStack<ParseMode> mParseModeStack;
    QString mCurrentXPathWithinFeature;
    //! This contains the character data if an important element has been encountered
    QString mStringCash;
    QgsFeature *mCurrentFeature = nullptr;
    QVector<QVariant> mCurrentAttributes; //attributes of current feature
    QString mCurrentFeatureId;
    int mFeatureCount;
    //! The total WKB for a feature
    QByteArray mCurrentWKB;
    QgsRectangle mCurrentExtent;
    bool mBoundedByNullFound;

    /**
     * WKB intermediate storage during parsing. For points and lines, no
     * intermediate WKB is stored at all. For multipoints and multilines and
     * polygons, only one nested list is used. For multipolygons, both nested lists
     * are used
    */
    QList< QList< QByteArray > > mCurrentWKBFragments;
    QString mAttributeName;
    int mAttributeDepth = -1;
    bool mAttributeValIsNested = false;
    //! Map from field name to JSON content.
    QMap< QString, QString > mMapFieldNameToJSONContent;
    nlohmann::json mAttributeJson;
    QStack<nlohmann::json *> mAttributeJsonCurrentStack;
    char mEndian;
    //! Coordinate separator for coordinate strings. Usually ","
    QString mCoordinateSeparator;
    //! Tuple separator for coordinate strings. Usually " "
    QString mTupleSeparator;
    //! Keep track about number of dimensions in pos or posList
    QStack<int> mDimensionStack;
    //! Number of dimensions in pos or posList for the current geometry
    int mDimension;
    //! Coordinates mode, coordinate or posList
    ParseMode mCoorMode;
    //! Literal srsName attribute
    QString mSrsName;
    //! Dimension (2 or 3 when valid) corresponding to the current value of mSrsName.
    int mDimensionForCurSrsName = 0;
    //! Layer bounding box
    QgsRectangle mLayerExtent;
    //! GML namespace URI
    QString mGMLNameSpaceURI;
    const char *mGMLNameSpaceURIPtr = nullptr;
    //! Axis orientation logic
    AxisOrientationLogic mAxisOrientationLogic;
    //! Whether to invert axis orientation. This value is immutable, but combined with what is inferred from data and mAxisOrientationLogic, is used to compute mInvertAxisOrientation
    bool mInvertAxisOrientationRequest;
    //! Whether to invert axis orientation: result of mAxisOrientationLogic, mInvertAxisOrientationRequest and what is inferred from data and mAxisOrientationLogic
    bool mInvertAxisOrientation;
    //! WFS 2.0 "numberReturned" or WFS 1.1 "numberOfFeatures" attribute, or -1 if invalid/not found
    int mNumberReturned;
    //! WFS 2.0 "numberMatched" attribute, or -1 if invalid/not found
    int mNumberMatched;
    //! XML blob containing geometry
    std::string mGeometryString;
    //! Whether we found a unhandled geometry element
    bool mFoundUnhandledGeometryElement;
    //! text codec used to read data with an expat unsupported encoding
    QTextCodec *mCodec = nullptr;
};

#endif

/**
 * \ingroup core
 * \brief Reads data from a WFS server or alternatively from a GML file.
 *
 * It uses the expat XML parser and an event based model to keep performance high.
 * The parsing starts when the first data arrives, it does not wait until the
 * request is finished.
*/
class CORE_EXPORT QgsGml : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
  public:
    QgsGml( const QString &typeName, const QString &geometryAttribute, const QgsFields &fields );

    /**
     * Does the HTTP GET request to the WFS server
     *
     *  \param uri GML URL
     *  \param wkbType wkbType to retrieve
     *  \param extent retrieved extents
     *  \param userName username for authentication
     *  \param password password for authentication
     *  \param authcfg authentication configuration id
     *  \returns 0 in case of success
     *  \note available in Python as getFeaturesUri
     */
    int getFeatures(
      const QString &uri, Qgis::WkbType *wkbType, QgsRectangle *extent = nullptr, const QString &userName = QString(), const QString &password = QString(), const QString &authcfg = QString()
    ) SIP_PYNAME( getFeaturesUri );

    /**
     * Read from GML data.
     *
     * The constructor uri param is ignored.
     */
    int getFeatures( const QByteArray &data, Qgis::WkbType *wkbType, QgsRectangle *extent = nullptr );

    //! Gets parsed features for given type name
    QMap<QgsFeatureId, QgsFeature * > featuresMap() const { return mFeatures; }

    //! Gets feature ids map
    QMap<QgsFeatureId, QString > idsMap() const { return mIdMap; }

    /**
     * Returns the spatial reference system for features.
     */
    QgsCoordinateReferenceSystem crs() const;

  signals:

    /**
     * Emitted when data reading progresses.
     *
     * \param progress specifies the number of bytes processed so far
     */
    void dataReadProgress( int progress );

    /**
     * Emitted when the total number of bytes to read changes.
     *
     * \param totalSteps specifies the total number of bytes which must be processed
     */
    void totalStepsUpdate( int totalSteps );

    /**
     * Emitted when data reading progresses or the total number of bytes to read changes.
     *
     * \param progress specifies the number of bytes processed so far
     * \param totalSteps specifies the total number of bytes which must be processed
     */
    void dataProgressAndSteps( int progress, int totalSteps );

  private slots:

    void setFinished();

    //! Takes progress value and total steps and emit signals 'dataReadProgress' and 'totalStepUpdate'
    void handleProgressEvent( qint64 progress, qint64 totalSteps );

  private:
    /**
     * This function evaluates the layer bounding box from the features and
     * sets it to mExtent.  Less efficient compared to reading the bbox from
     * the provider, so it is only done if the wfs server does not provider
     * extent information.
     */
    void calculateExtentFromFeatures();

    void fillMapsFromParser();

    QgsGmlStreamingParser mParser;

    //! Typename without namespace prefix
    QString mTypeName;

    //! True if the request is finished
    bool mFinished = false;

    //! The features of the layer, map of feature maps for each feature type
    //QMap<QgsFeatureId, QgsFeature* > &mFeatures;
    QMap<QgsFeatureId, QgsFeature * > mFeatures;
    //QMap<QString, QMap<QgsFeatureId, QgsFeature* > > mFeatures;

    //! Stores the relation between provider ids and WFS server ids
    //QMap<QgsFeatureId, QString > &mIdMap;
    QMap<QgsFeatureId, QString > mIdMap;
    //QMap<QString, QMap<QgsFeatureId, QString > > mIdMap;

    //! Bounding box of the layer
    QgsRectangle mExtent;
};

#endif
